Is Your Car Road Worthy? Road Trip Check Up Tips
An
average of 13,000 Americans are killed between Memorial Day weekend
and Labor Day, some a result of unperformed vehicle maintenance,
according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Each year, neglected maintenance leads to more than 2,600 deaths,
nearly 100,000 disabling injuries and more than $2 billion in
lost wages, medical expenses and property damage.
Most mechanical failures can be traced to neglected maintenance.
For example, the U.S. Department of Transportation reports the
leading cause of mechanical breakdown on our nation's highways
is overheating, a condition that is easily avoidable. Other deficiencies
that are simple to detect include low antifreeze/coolant, worn
or loose drive belts and defective cooling system hoses. checking tire pressure and inflating a tire costs nothing yet an average
of 21 percent of cars inspected in check lanes during National Car Care
Month have under inflated tires. This can lead to a blowout and
a serious accident.
Condition
|
Effect |
MPG
Penalty |
| Underinflated
tires |
Increase
rolling resistance |
0.6
mpg |
| Dirty
air filter |
Causes
excessively rich fuel/air mixture |
2.0
mpg |
| Worn
spark plugs |
Cause
inefficient combustion, wasted fuel |
2.0
mpg |
| Worn
O2 sensor |
Unable
to compensate for engine malfunctions |
3.0
mpg |
| Dirty
or substandard oil |
Increases
engine friction |
0.4
mpg |
| Loose
gas cap |
Allows
fuel to evaporate |
2.0
mpg |
| Potential
loss in fuel economy if all of the above were neglected |
|
10
mpg |
The
Car Care Council offers these fuel-saving tips:
1.
Vehicle gas caps — Approximately 17 percent of the vehicles on the roads
have gas caps that are either damaged, loose or are missing altogether,
causing 147 million gallons of gas to vaporize every year.
2. Underinflated tires — When tires aren't inflated properly it's like driving with the parking brake on and can cost a mile or two per gallon.
3. Worn spark plugs — A vehicle can have either four, six or eight spark plugs, which fire as many as 3 million times every 1,000 miles, resulting in a lot of heat and electrical and chemical erosion. A dirty spark plus causes misfiring, which wastes fuel. Spark plugs need to be replaced regularly.
4. Dirty air filters — An air filter that is clogged with dirt, dust and bugs chokes off the air and creates a "rich" mixture — too much gas being burned for the amount of air, which wastes gas and causes the engine to lose power. Replacing a clogged air filter can improve gas mileage by as much as 10 percent, saving about 15 cents a gallon.
Fuel-saving driving tips include:
-
Don't be an aggressive driver — Aggressive driving can lower gas mileage by as much as 33 percent on the highway and 5 percent on city streets, which results in 7 to 49 cents per gallon.
-
Avoid excessive idling — Sitting idle gets zero miles per gallon. Letting the vehicle warm up for one to two minutes is sufficient.
-
Observe the speed limit — Gas mileage decreases rapidly at speeds above 60 mph. Each mpg driven over 60 will result in an additional 10 cents per gallon. To maintain a constant speed on the highway, cruise control is recommended.
In the 2001 National Car Care Month vehicle check lanes, 21 percent of participants had wipers that smeared, streaked or chattered across their windshields. Although climates vary, wipers generally need replacing every six months. An easy reminder is to change wiper blades in the spring and fall when you change your clock. Be sure the windshield washers are working properly, too, and keep the reservoir filled with solvent.
Another important pre-trip check should be exterior and interior lighting. Vehicle check lanes revealed an overall failure rate of over 25 percent in the lighting category. The Car Care Council reminds motorists to check their lights monthly. Other suggestions from the Council include turning on headlights both day and night. This helps define your car's position on the road, and its distance from other drivers.
When your vehicle's lighting is defective, other motorists may not get the message that you intend to stop or turn. The end result could be disastrous.
10-Minute Pre-Trip Checkup Can Pay Off — Car Care Council offers three suggestions for a traveler's 10-minute pre-trip checklist:
-
Check all fluids. There are several fluids, in addition to antifreeze, that require attention, including engine oil, power steering, brake and transmission fluids and windshield washer solvent and antifreeze/coolant.
-
Check hoses and belts. A belt that fails can affect the electrical system, air conditioning and power steering, as well as the cooling system. Cooling system hoses may be deteriorating from within, so old hoses and clamps in marginal condition might need to be replaced.
-
Check the tires. Check tire inflation and inspect the tread for uneven wear, indicating the need for wheel alignment. Also look for bulges and bald spots.
"While a last minute checkup is better than no checkup, motorists should plan ahead to allow time to perform necessary maintenance themselves or at the local service facility. A properly maintained vehicle is safer and more dependable and will even save a few dollars at the gas pumps," said Rich White, Car Care Council's executive director.
Not only can a pre-trip inspection help reduce chances of costly and possibly dangerous road trouble, it also provides an opportunity to have repairs made at home, with one's own technician who nows the vehicle. Especially important, it provides peace of mind. While no inspection can guarantee a car's performance, it's comforting to know proper precautions were taken.
